First in history of computer


 FIRST IN HISTORY OF COMPUTER

First mechanical computer

In 1822, Charles Babbage conceptualized and began developing the Difference Engine, which is considered the first automatic computing machine.

First general-purpose computer

In 1837, Charles Babbage proposed the first general mechanical computer, the Analytical Engine. The Analytical Engine contained an ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit), basic flow control, punch cards (inspired by the Jacquard Loom), and integrated memory.

The first machine to record and store information

In 1890, Herman Hollerith developed a method for machines to record and store information on punch cards for the US census. Hollerith would later form the company we know today as IBM.

First programmable computer

The Z1 was created by German Konrad Zuse in his parents' living room between 1936 and 1938. It is considered to be the first electromechanical binary programmable computer and the first functional modern computer. 

First concepts (a modern) computer

The Turing machine was first proposed by Alan Turing in 1936 and became the foundation for theories about computing and computers. 

The first electric programmable computer

The Colossus was the first electric programmable computer, developed by Tommy Flowers, and was first demonstrated in December 1943.

The first digital computer

The ABC (Atanasoff-Berry Computer) began development by Professor John Vincent Atanasoff and graduate student Cliff Berry in 1937. Its development continued until 1942 at the Iowa State College (now Iowa State University).

The ENIAC was invented by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly at the University of Pennsylvania. Although a judge later ruled the ABC computer was the first digital computer, many still consider the ENIAC to be the first digital computer because it was fully functional. 

The first stored program computer

The first computer to electronically store and execute a program was the SSEM (Small-Scale Experimental Machine), also known as the "Baby" or "Manchester Baby," in 1948. It was designed by Frederic Williams, and built by his protégée, Tom Kilburn, with the assistance of Geoff Tootill, at the University of Manchester,

The second stored-program computer was also British: the EDSAC, built and designed by Maurice Wilkes at the University of Cambridge Mathematical Laboratory in England.  

Around the same time, the Manchester Mark 1 was another computer that could run stored programs. Built at the Victoria University of Manchester, the first version of the Mark 1 computer became operational in April 1949. 

The first computer company

The first computer company was Electronic Controls Company and was founded in 1949 by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly, the same individuals who helped create the ENIAC computer. The company was later renamed to EMCC or Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation and released a series of mainframe computers under the UNIVAC name. 

First computer with a program stored in memory

First delivered to the United States government in 1950, the UNIVAC 1101 or ERA 1101 is considered the first computer capable of storing and running a program from memory. 

First commercial computer

In 1942, Konrad Zuse began working on the Z4 that later became the first commercial computer. The computer was sold to Eduard Stiefel, a mathematician of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, on July 12, 1950. 

IBM's first computer

On April 7, 1953, IBM publicly introduced the 701, its first commercial scientific computer. 

The first computer with RAM

MIT introduces the Whirlwind machine on March 8, 1955, a revolutionary computer that was the first digital computer with magnetic core RAM and real-time graphics. 

The first transistor computer

The TX-0 (Transistorized Experimental computer) is the first transistorized computer to be demonstrated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1956. 

The first minicomputer

In 1960, Digital Equipment Corporation released its first of many PDP computers, the PDP-1. 

The first desktop and mass-market computer

In 1964, the first desktop computer, the Programma 101, was unveiled to the public at the New York World's Fair. It was invented by Pier Giorgio Perotto and manufactured by Olivetti.

In 1968, Hewlett Packard began marketing the HP 9100A, considered to be the first mass-marketed desktop computer.

The first workstation

Although it was never sold, the first workstation is considered to be the Xerox Alto, introduced in 1974. 

The first microprocessor

Intel introduces the first microprocessor, the Intel 4004, on November 15, 1971. 

The first microcomputer

The Vietnamese-French engineer André Truong Trong Thi and Francois Gernelle developed the Micral computer in 1973. Considered as the first microcomputer, it used the Intel 8008 processor and was the first commercial non-assembly computer. It originally sold for $1,750. 

The first personal computer (PC)

In 1975, Ed Roberts coined the term "personal computer" when he introduced the Altair 8800. Although the first personal computer is considered by many to be the KENBAK-1, which was first introduced for $750 in 1971. 

The first laptop or portable computer

The IBM 5100 is the first portable computer, which was released in September 1975.

The first truly portable computer or laptop is considered to be the Osborne I, which was released in April 1981 and developed by Adam Osborne.

The IBM PCD (PC Division) later released the IBM portable in 1984, its first portable computer that weighed 30-pounds. 

The first Apple computer

The Apple I (Apple 1) was the first Apple computer that initially sold for $666.66. 

The first IBM personal computer

IBM introduced its first personal computer, the IBM PC, in 1981. The computer was code-named Acorn. It featured an 8088 processor, 16 KB of memory, which was expandable to 256 and used MS-DOS. 

The first PC clone

The Compaq Portable is considered to be the first PC clone and was released in March 1983 by Compaq. 

The first multimedia computer

In 1992, Tandy Radio Shack released the M2500 XL/2 and M4020 SX, among the first computers to feature the MPC standard.

To be Continued………

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